I/W/B/W
What is The
Internet?
- The Internet, sometimes called simply "the Net,"
is a worldwide system of computer networks -- a network of networks in which
users at any one computer can, if they have permission, get information from
any other computer (and sometimes talk directly to users at other computers).
-Computer scientists Vinton Cerf and Bob Kahn are credited
with inventing the Internet communication protocols we use today and the system
referred to as the Internet.
-The birth date of the internet is widely considered to be
Jan. 1, 1983, but the road to creating it started long before the technology
required for the internet even existed.
-The internet has its roots in the Cold War when the United
States developed the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) as a
means of communication that could withstand a nuclear attack. ARPANET was
launched in 1969 and was initially used by government agencies and research
institutions.
- In the 1980s, the internet began to expand beyond the
confines of the military and academia with the development of the Transmission
Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), which allowed computers to
communicate with each other regardless of their location.
- The concept of the Internet was a way for the military to
remain in contact in the event of a nuclear war. The idea is that while phone
lines might get destroyed, the system should be intelligent enough to find a
different route to get a message from A to B using the remaining lines. This
idea remained a big part of the growth of the internet up until the mid-90s
when it was found that it was working against other usage requirements of the
internet for non-military use. By today, that original aspect of the reason for
the Internet is still true in the way that P2P networks behave. However, with
the Internet mostly used for broadcasting (streaming video, content, etc.), its
nature is far less robust.
- In the 2000s, the rise of social media, mobile devices,
and cloud computing transformed the internet into a global network that is
central to modern life. Today, the internet connects billions of people and
devices and has revolutionized industries ranging from media and entertainment
to retail and finance.
What is World Wide Web?
- The World Wide Web has three fundamental technologies that
remain in the network and that many of us know.
Fundamental Technologies
HTML: Hypertext Markup Language is the language format of
the network.
URI: Uniform Resource Identifier is a type of unique address
that is used to identify each of the resources in the network. Also known as
URL.
HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol- Allows you to obtain the
resources linked to the network.
Important to realize that World Wide Web is a free platform
for life. Particularly, allowing users to have total freedom over the content
published. Therefore, is universal and speaks the same language regardless of
the system that the computer has and is equal (Net Neutrality). As a result, it
allows a worldwide consensus for its use. In conclusion, these principles have
brought changes in society, politics, and religion and it has opened the doors
to more possibilities.
- The world wide web was invented by Sir Tim Berners-Lee in
1989 – originally, he was trying to find a new way for scientists to easily
share the data from their experiments. Hypertext (text displayed on a computer
display that links to other text the reader can immediately access) and the
internet already existed, but no one had thought of a way to use the internet
to link one document directly to another.
- The world wide web opened up the internet to everyone, not
just scientists. It connected the world in a way that made it much easier for
people to get information, share, and communicate. It has since allowed people
to share their work and thoughts through social networking sites, blogs, video
sharing, and more.
Differences
between the Internet and WWW
INTERNET WWW
1 Internet
is a global network of networks. WWW
stands for World wide Web.
2 Internet is a means of connecting a World Wide Web which is a collection of information which is accessed via the Internet.
Computer to any other computer anywhere in the world.
3 Internet
is infrastructure. WWW is
service on top of that infrastructure.
4 Internet
can be viewed as a big book-store. Web
can be viewed as collection of books on that store.
5 At some advanced level, to understand we can think of the Internet as hardware.
At some advanced level, to
understand we can think of the WWW as software.
6 Internet
is primarily hardware-based. WWW is
more software oriented as compared to the Internet.
7 It is
originated sometimes in late 1960s. English
scientist Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web in 1989.
8 Internet
is superset of WWW. WWW is a subset of
the Internet.
9 The
first version of the Internet was known as ARPANET. In the beginning WWW was known as NSFNET.
10 Internet
uses IP address. WWW uses
HTTP.
The first website
ever created
- The first web page went live on August 6, 1991. It was
dedicated to information on the World Wide Web project and was made by Tim
Berners-Lee. It ran on a NeXT computer at the European Organization for Nuclear
Research, CERN.
- The first web page address was:
http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html
Connection of Hedy Lamarr to Wi-Fi and Bluetooth
- Hedy Lamarr was an Austrian American actress and inventor
who pioneered the technology that would one day form the basis for today’s
Wi-Fi, GPS, and Bluetooth communication systems. As a natural beauty seen
widely on the big screen in films like Samson and Delilah and White Cargo,
society has long ignored her inventive genius.
- And invent she did. Armed with equipment gifted to her by
fellow innovator (and sometime lover) Howard Hughes, Hedy Lamarr would spend
hours in her trailer on movie sets, testing theories and experimenting with the
technology. One such idea would prove to
be a game changer in terms of wireless communication: it would pave the way for
the foundation for today’s mobile phones, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and of course GPS.
- There is a song called "This is a song for Miss Hedy
Lamarr" written by Johnny Depp and Jeff Beck:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=maa1xTKu7aQ&ab_channel=JeffBeck
Development of
Bluetooth
- Bluetooth technology was developed by Ericsson, a Swedish
telecommunications company, in the 1990s. The technology was named after King
Harald Bluetooth, who was a Danish king that lived in the 10th century and was
known for uniting Denmark and Norway. Bluetooth technology was designed to
unite communication protocols and facilitate wireless communication between
different devices, and it has become an industry standard for short-range
wireless communication. Today, Bluetooth technology is used in a wide variety
of electronic devices, including phones, computers, and audio devices, to
wirelessly transmit data and audio signals.
- The name "Bluetooth" was proposed in 1997 by Jim
Kardach
- The Bluetooth logo is a bind rune merging the Younger
Futhark runes (Hagall) (ᚼ)
and (Bjarkan) (ᛒ),
Harald’s initials.
Development of
Wi-Fi
- Wi-Fi is a wireless networking technology that allows
wireless devices such as laptops and mobile phones to access the internet. Most
people use a small wireless router to connect to the internet.
- Hedy Lamarr and George Antheil invented a system that
allowed radio waves to jump onto different frequencies. The idea was originally
to stop the US Navy’s radio signals from being jammed by their enemy in World
War 2.
Hedy’s invention of radio frequency jumping technology was a
vital step in the development of Wi-Fi. Although Hedy Lamarr and George Antheil
successfully received a patent for their idea in 1942, it wasn’t recognized
until many years later when an updated version was used during the Cuban Missile
Crisis in 1962.
Hedy Lamarr was not only a scientist but also a famous
Hollywood actress in the 1930s and 1940s.
- Some people think Wi-Fi stands for Wireless Fidelity, but
it actually doesn’t stand for anything.
Work Cited
https://www.science-sparks.com/who-invented-wi-fi/
https://www.creativebloq.com/news/bluetooth-logo-secret
https://www.quora.com/Who-invented-WiFi-first-and-what-year
https://www.quora.com/Who-developed-bluetooth
https://webfoundation.org/about/vision/history-of-the-web/
https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/jul/15/how-the-internet-was-invented-1976-arpa-kahn-cerf
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